Assuming That the Angle Which You Push on the Box Is Again 45

Mastering Physics Solutions Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Movement

Mastering Physics Solutions

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.1CQ
Driving downward the route, you hit the brakes of a sudden. Equally a result, your body moves toward the front of the car. Explicate, using Newton's laws.
Solution:
When the brakes are practical, the machine slows down. The body, yet, keeps moving at the aforementioned speed. Thus, considering of inertia, the trunk moves toward the front of the machine.

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.1P
CE An object of mass m is initially at rest. After a force of magnitude F acts on it for a time T, the object has a speed v. Suppose the mass of the object is doubled, and the magnitude of the force acting on it is quadrupled. In terms of T, how long does information technology take for the object to accelerate from rest to a speed v now?
Solution:

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.2CQ
You've probably seen pictures of someone pulling a tablecloth out from under glasses, plates, and silverware set out for a formal dinner. Perhaps y'all've fifty-fifty tried it yourself. Using Newton's laws of move, explain how this stunt works.
Solution:

Chapter v Newton'southward Laws Of Motility Q.2P
On a planet far, far abroad, an astronaut picks up a stone. The rock has a mass of 5.00 kg, and on this particular planet its weight is twoscore.0 N. Tf the astronaut exerts an upward forcefulness of 46.2 N on the stone, what is its acceleration?
Solution:

Affiliate v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.3CQ
As y'all read this, you arc virtually likely sitting quietly in a chair. Can you conclude, therefore, that you are at residuum? Explain.
Solution:
You are not at accented residuum, you are at balance with respect to the other objects in your surround. Nonetheless when you are viewed from other planets, y'all are not at rest relative to the vantage point of the other planets.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.3P
In a grocery shop, you push a 12.3-kg shopping cart with a force of 10.1 N. If the cart starts at residue, how far does it move in 2.50 s?
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.4CQ

Solution:
When a dog shakes its body, the h2o remains at rest because of inertia. The water drops fall abroad from the torso when the position of the dog'southward body is changed speedily.

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.4P
You are pulling your footling sister on her sled across an icy (fric-tionless) surface. When you lot exert a constant horizontal force of 120 N, the sled has an acceleration of 2.five m/s2. If the sled has a mass of seven.four kg, what is the mass of your little sister?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Movement Q.5CQ
A immature girl slides down a rope. As she slides faster and faster she tightens her grip, increasing the force exerted on her by the rope. What happens when this force is equal in magnitude to her weight? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.5P
· A 0.53-kg billiard ball initially at residue is given a speed of 12 m/s during a time interval of 4.0 ms. What average strength acted on the ball during this time?
Solution:

Chapter five Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.6CQ
A drag-racing automobile accelerates forward because of the force exerted on it past the road. Why, then, does information technology need an engine? Explain.
Solution:
The drag racer needs an engine to turn the wheels, which in turn makes them push against the ground. When the wheels push button against the ground, the basis is able to exert a reaction forcefulness on the car to motion it.

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.6P
A 92-kg water skier floating in a lake is pulled from residual to a speed of 12 m/southward in a distance of 25 m. What is the internet forcefulness exerted on the skier, assuming his dispatch is constant?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motility Q.7CQ

Solution:
(A) The upper string is exposed to ii forces. I is the downward weight attached and the other is the force applied. So, in this example, the upper string will break.
(B) Because of the inertia of the block, the lower cord will break.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.7P
CE Predict/Explain You driblet 2 balls of equal diameter from the aforementioned peak at the same fourth dimension. Ball 1 is made of metal and has a greater mass than ball two, which is made of wood. The upwards forcefulness due to air resistance is the same for both balls, (a) Is the drop time of ball i greater than, less than, or equal to the drop time of ball 2? (b) Cull the all-time explanation from amid the following:
I. The acceleration of gravity is the aforementioned for all objects, regardless of mass.
Ii. The more massive ball is harder to accelerate.
III. Air resistance has less issue on the more than massive brawl.
Solution:

Chapter five Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.8CQ
An astronaut on a space walk discovers that his jet pack no longer works, leaving him stranded 50 thousand from the spacecraft. If the jet pack is removable, explicate how the astronaut can still use it to return to the send.
Solution:
The astronaut should push the jetpack away from him, in the opposite direction from the spaceship. Every bit a result, the reaction strength exerted on him by the pack will accelerate him toward the ship.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.8P
IP A 42.0-kg parachutist is moving straight downward with a speed of 3.85 m/due south. (a) If the parachutist comes to residuum with abiding acceleration over a altitude of 0.750 m, what force does the ground exert on her? (b) If the parachutist comes to residuum over a shorter distance, is the force exerted past the basis greater than, less than, or the same every bit in part (a)? Explicate.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.9CQ
Two untethered astronauts on a infinite walk decide to take a break and play catch with a baseball. Describe what happens as the game of catch progresses.
Solution:
Each time the astronauts catch or throw, an equal and opposite force acts on them. This causes the astronauts to move farther from each other, with increasing speed.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.9P
IP In baseball game, a pitcher tin accelerate a 0.15-kg ball from rest to 98 mi/h in a altitude of 1.7 m. (a) What is the average force exerted on the ball during the pitch? (b) If the mass of the ball is increased, is the strength required of the bullpen increased, decreased, or unchanged? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.10CQ
What are the action-reaction forces when a baseball game bat hits a fast brawl? What is the upshot of each force?
Solution:
Because of action-reaction forces, the ball will be returned with the same force that the ball practical to the bat.
The force exerted on the bat by the ball is action force, and the forcefulness exerted on the brawl by the bat is reaction force.
The force exerted on the ball changes its direction.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.10P
A major-league catcher gloves a 92-mi/h pitch and brings it to residual in 0.15 m. If the forcefulness exerted by the catcher is 803 N, what is the mass of the ball?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.11CQ

Solution:
Mr. Ed's reasoning is wrong because he is calculation two action-reaction forces that act on dissimilar objects.
Wilbur should indicate out that the net force exerted on the cart is simply the strength exerted on it by Mr. Ed, and so the cart will accelerate.
The equal and contrary reaction forcefulness acts on Mr. Ed, and does not cancel the force acting on the cart.

Affiliate five Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.11P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motility Q.12CQ
A whole brick has more mass than one-half a brick, thus the whole brick is harder to accelerate. Why doesn't a whole brick autumn more slowly than one-half a brick? Explain.
Solution:
The whole brick also experiences twice the gravitational force.
As a result, these 2 effects (more inertia, more force) cancel each other out exactly. The complimentary-fall dispatch is independent of mass.

Affiliate five Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.12P
Stopping a 747 A 747 jetliner lands and begins to slow to a stop as information technology moves along the runway. If its mass is iii.fifty × 105 kg, its speed is 27.0 m/southward, and the net braking strength is 4.30 × 105 N, (a) what is its speed 7.50 s later? (b) How far has it traveled in this time?
Solution:

Affiliate five Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.13CQ
The force exerted by gravity on a whole brick is greater than the force exerted past gravity on one-half a brick. Why, so, doesn't a whole brick fall faster than half a brick? Explain.
Solution:
Acceleration of the whole brick is the aforementioned every bit that of half the brick. This is because acceleration is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass.

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Move Q.13P
IP A drag racer crosses the finish line doing 202 mi/h and promptly deploys her drag chute (the small parachute used for braking), (a) What force must the elevate chute exert on the 891-kg car to slow it to 45.0 mi/h in a distance of 185 thousand? (b) Draw the strategy you used to solve function (a).
SECTION 5-iv NEWTON'S Tertiary LAW OF MOTION
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motility Q.14CQ
Is it possible for an object at rest to have simply a single force acting on it? If your answer is yes, provide an instance. If your answer is no, explain why not.
Solution:
No.
If only a single force acts on the object, it will non stay at balance simply will accelerate in the direction of the force.

Chapter five Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.14P
CE Predict/Explicate A small motorcar collides with a big truck, (a) Is the magnitude of the force experienced by the car greater than, less than, or equal to the magnitude of the force experienced past the truck? (b) Choose the best caption from among the following:
I. Action-reaction forces always take equal magnitude.
II. The truck has more than mass, and hence the strength exerted on it is greater.
III. The massive truck exerts a greater force on the lightweight automobile.
Solution:
(a) The magnitude of the forcefulness experienced past the car is equal to magnitude of the force experienced by the truck.
(b) This is considering activeness reaction forces are ever equal in magnitude according to 's third police force. So, pick I is the best explanation.

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.15CQ
Is it possible for an object to be in move and yet take zero net force acting on information technology? Explain.
Solution:
Yes.
When the object is moving with a constant velocity, its dispatch is zero. Thus, the force interim on the object is as well zero.

Chapter 5 Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.15P
CE Predict/Explain A small car collides with a large truck, (a) Is the acceleration experienced by the motorcar greater than, less than, or equal to the acceleration experienced by the truck? (b) Choose the best caption from among the following:
I. The truck exerts a larger force on the auto, giving it the greater acceleration.
2. Both vehicles experience the same magnitude of force, therefore the lightweight motorcar experiences the greater acceleration.
3. The greater strength exerted on the truck gives information technology the greater dispatch.
Solution:
(a) The acceleration experienced past the car is greater than the dispatch experienced by the truck.
(b) This is considering of both cars experience aforementioned magnitude of strength, therefore the lightweight car experiences greater acceleration. So, option 2 is the best explanation.

Affiliate 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.16CQ
A bird muzzle, with a parrot within, hangs from a calibration. The parrot decides to hop to a higher perch. What tin can you say virtually the reading on the scale (a) when the parrot jumps, (b) when the parrot is in the air, and (c) when the parrot lands on the second perch? Assume that the scale responds rapidly and so that it gives an accurate reading at all times.
Solution:
(a) The scale goes down at the moment the parrot jumps.
This happens because the parrot pushes down on its perch in order to jump, and equally a result the scale reads a larger value.
(b) When the bird is in the air, the scale just reads the weight of the cage.
(c) When the parrot lands on a higher perch, the calibration goes down then reads a higher value once again. This happens because the perch exerts an upward forcefulness on the bird in order to bring the bird to rest.

Affiliate five Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.16P
You hold a brick at residue in your manus. (a) How many forces act on the brick? (b) Identify these forces, (c) Are these forces equal in magnitude and contrary in direction? (d) Are these forces an activity-reaction pair? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter v Newton'south Laws Of Motility Q.17CQ
Suppose yous jump from the cliffs of Acapulco and perform a perfect swan dive. As you autumn, you exert an upward strength on the Earth equal in magnitude to the downward force the Earth exerts on you. Why, then, does it seem that you are the ane doing all the accelerating? Since the forces are the aforementioned, why aren't the accelerations?
Solution:
The acceleration of a body is inversely proportional to its mass. Earth has a huge mass compared to a man, and and so has negligible acceleration towards the human being. Thus, the forces are the same but not the accelerations.

Chapter five Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.17P
Referring to Problem 16, you are now accelerating the brick upward, (a) How many forces act on the brick in this case? (b) Identify these forces, (c) Are these forces equal in magnitude and opposite in management? (d) Are these forces an action-reaction pair? Explain.
Solution:
(A) In that location are two forces.
(B) Gravitational force and the upward force practical by your paw.
(C) No, these forces are not equal and opposite since the brick is moving up.
(D) No.

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Movement Q.18CQ
A friend tells yous that since his automobile is at residual, there are no forces acting on it. How would you reply?
Solution:
The car is at residuum, and the net force acting on the car is cypher.
Even so, it is wrong to say that no force is interim on the car. When the car is at rest, gravitational force acts on the car, which is balanced by the normal force reaction of the ground upon the machine.

Chapter five Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.18P
On vacation, your 1400-kg car pulls a 560-kg trailer abroad from a stoplight with an dispatch of 1.85 m/s2, (a) What is the net force exerted on the trailer? (b) What force does the traiter exert on the auto? (c) What is the net strength interim on the auto?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.19CQ
Since all objects are "weightless" in orbit, how is information technology possible for an orbiting astronaut to tell if one object has more mass than another object? Explain.
Solution:
If an astronaut pushes the object, the acceleration can indicate the object'due south mass. The heavier mass will accept lower acceleration compared to the lighter mass.

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.19P
IP A 71-kg parent and a 19-kg child meet at the center of an ice rink. They place their hands together and push button, (a) Is the strength experienced by the kid more than, less than, or the same as the force experienced by the parent? (b) Is the dispatch of the child more than than, less than, or the same equally the acceleration of the parent? Explain, (c) If the acceleration of the kid is 2.6 m/s2 in magnitude, what is the magnitude of the parent's acceleration?
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.20CQ
To clean a rug, you tin can hang it from a clothesline and vanquish it with a tennis dissonance. Apply Newton's laws to explicate why beating the rug should have a cleansing result.
Solution:
As you hit the rug with the tennis racket you crusade it to advance rapidly.
The dust from the carpeting, if it is not attached also firmly, will be left behind equally the carpeting accelerates abroad from it.

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Move Q.20P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.21CQ
If you step off a loftier board and drop to the water below, yous plunge into the water without injury. On the other hand, if you lot were to drop the same altitude onto solid basis, you might break a leg. Use Newton'southward laws to explain the difference.
Solution:
When nosotros jump on the ground, we plunge a very small distance compared to jumping into water. The smaller the distance, the larger the acceleration, and thus the greater the forcefulness.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.21P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.22CQ
A moving object is acted on by a net forcefulness. Give an example of a state of affairs in which the object moves (a) in the same direction as the net force, (b) at right angles to the net force, or (c) in the opposite direction of the internet force.
Solution:
(a) When a cart is pushed forward and set into motion, the management of the strength acting on it and the direction of its motility are equal.
(b) If a brawl or whatever object is thrown up, then, at the top of its flying, its motion is in the horizontal management. Additionally, the force of gravity acting on the ball (or any object) is in the vertical direction. Here, the direction of force and the direction of motion are perpendicular to each other. In this example, air resistance is neglected.
(c) While you are riding a bicycle, the frictional force acts in the direction opposite to the direction of motility of the wheel.

Affiliate five Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.22P
IP Two boxes sit side-past-side on a smooth horizontal surface. The lighter box has a mass of 5.2 kg; the heavier box has a mass of seven.4 kg. (a) Notice the contact force between these boxes when a horizontal force of 5.0 N is practical to the low-cal box. (b) If the 5.0-N force is practical to the heavy box instead, is the contact force between the boxes the same as, greater than, or less than the contact strength in part (a)? Explain, (c) Verify your reply to part (b) past computing the contact force in this case.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Movement Q.23CQ
Is it possible for an object to be moving in one direction while the cyberspace force interim on information technology is in another direction? If your answer is yes, provide an example. If your respond is no, explicate why not.
Solution:
Yes, during the journeying of a ball thrown up, the direction of force is always downward. Thus, the force is in an opposite direction until the ball reaches its maximum height, and then it comes back down.

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.23P
CE A skateboarder on a ramp is accelerated by a nonzero net force. For each of the post-obit statements, state whether information technology is always true, never true, or sometimes true, (a) The skateboarder is moving in the direction of the internet force, (b) The ac-celeration of the skateboarder is at right angles to the net strength. (c) The acceleration of the skateboarder is in the same management as the internet strength. (d) The skateboarder is instantaneously at residue.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.24CQ
Since a bucket of h2o is "weightless" in space, would it hurt to kick the bucket? Explain.
Solution:
Answer: Yes
Explanation:
It is given that the bucket of water is weightless in space, but every object has a certain mass, and also has inertia. Equally inertia is the tendency of a body to resist any alter in its land of move or rest, so when you kick the bucket, it resists a alter in its state of motion by exerting an equal and opposite force, which gives the hurt to your human foot.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.24P

Solution:

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.25CQ
In the movie The Rocketeer, a teenager discovers a jet-powered backpack in an old befouled. The backpack allows him to fly at incredible speeds. In i scene, withal, he uses the backpack to rapidly accelerate an old pickup truck that is being chased by "bad guys." He does this by bracing his arms against the cab of the pickup and firing the backpack, giving the truck the acceleration of a drag racer. Is the physics of this scene "Skilful," "Bad," or "Ugly?" Explicate.
Solution:
This scene is an example of bad physics. It is true that the jet-powered backpack produces enough force to push button the truck, simply this force is imparted to the truck through the arms of the teenager. This is a very unrealistic state of affairs, because forcefulness that is swell enough to accelerate an old truck would likely beat the teenager's arms.

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.25P
A subcontract tractor tows a 3700-kg trailer up an xviii° incline with a steady speed of three.ii yard/s. What strength does the tractor exert on the trailer? (Ignore friction.)
Solution:

Affiliate five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.26CQ
List three common objects that take a weight of approximately 1 N.
Solution:
Any object whose weight is approximately 100g has a weight equal to 1N
(i) An apple weighs approximately 1N
(ii) A chocolate bar
(iii) A pack of crayons

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.26P
A surfer "hangs 10," and accelerates down the sloping face up of a wave. If the surfer's acceleration is 3.25 m/s2 and friction can be ignored, what is the bending at which the confront of the moving ridge is inclined in a higher place the horizontal?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.27P

Solution:

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Movement Q.28P

Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Move Q.29P

Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Move Q.30P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.31P
IP Before practicing his routine on the rings, a 67-kg gymnast stands motionless, with one hand grasping each ring and his feet touching the basis. Both aims gradient upwardly at an bending of 24° above the horizontal, (a) If the forcefulness exerted by the rings on each arm has a magnitude of 290 Due north, and is directed along the length of the arm, what is the magnitude of the strength exerted past the floor on his feet? (b) If the angle his arms make with the horizontal is greater that 24°, and everything else remains the same, is the force exerted past the floor on his anxiety greater than, less than, or the same every bit the valne plant in part (a)? Explain.
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.32P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.33P
An object acted on past three forces moves with constant velocity. One force acting on the object is in the positive x direction and has a magnitude of six.5 Due north; a second force has a magnitude of 4.4 Northward and points in the negative y direction. Find the direction and magnitude of the third strength acting on the object.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.34P
· A train is traveling upwards a 3.73° incline at a speed of 3.25 one thousand/s when the last car breaks gratuitous and begins to coast without friction, (a) How long does information technology take for the last automobile to come to rest momentarily? (b) How far did the last car travel before mo-mentarily coming to residue?
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.35P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.36P
You pull upward on a stuffed suitcase with a forcefulness of 105 N, and information technology accelerates upward at 0.705 g/s2. What are (a) the mass and (b) the weight of the suitcase?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Movement Q.37P
BIO Encephalon Growth A newborn infant's brain grows rapidly. In fact, information technology has been found to increase in mass by near 1.6 mg per minute, (a) How much does the brain's weight increment in one day? (b) How long does it take for the brain'due south weight to increment by 0.fifteen Due north?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Move Q.38P
Suppose a rocket launches with an acceleration of 30.5 1000/s2. What is the credible weight of an 92-kg astronaut aboard this rocket?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Movement Q.39P
At the bow of a send on a stormy sea, a crewman conducts an experiment by standing on a bathroom scale. In calm waters, the calibration reads 182 lb. During the storm, the crewman finds a maximum reading of 225 lb and a minimum reading of 138 lb. Discover (a) the maximum up acceleration and (b) the maximum downward acceleration experienced by the sailor.
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.40P
IP As part of a physics experiment, you stand up on a bathroom scale in an elevator. Though your normal weight is 610 N, the scale at the moment reads 730 N. (a) Is the dispatch of the elevator upward, downward, or zero? Explain. (b) Calculate the magnitude of the lift's acceleration. (c) What, if anything, tin can you say virtually the velocity of the elevator? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.41P
When you counterbalance yourself on skillful onetime terra firma (solid ground), your weight is 142 lb. In an elevator your apparent weight is 121 lb. What are the direction and magnitude of the elevator's dispatch?
Solution:

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.42P

Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.43PWhen you lift a bowling ball with a force of 82 N, the ball accelerates upwardly with an acceleration a. If you lift with a force of 92 Northward, the ball's acceleration is 2a. Notice (a) the weight of the bowling ball, and (b) the acceleration a.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.44P
A 23-kg suitcase is being pulled with constant speed past a handle that is at an angle of 25° above the horizontal. If the normal strength exerted on the suitcase is 180 N, what is the force F applied to the handle?
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.45P
(a) Describe a free-body diagram for the skier in Problem 32. (b) Determine the normal force acting on the skier.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.46P
· A 9.3-kg child sits in a three.7-kg high chair. (a) Describe a free-body diagram for the child, and find the normal strength exerted by the chair on the kid. (b) Draw a free-trunk diagram for the chair, and find the normal force exerted by the floor on the chair.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.47P

Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.48P
A v.0-kg bag of potatoes sits on the bottom of a stationary shopping cart. (a) Sketch a costless-body diagram for the pocketbook of potatoes. (b) Now suppose the cart moves with a abiding velocity. How does this affect your costless-torso diagram? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'south Laws Of Motion Q.49P
IP (a) Find the normal force exerted on a two.ix-kg book resting on a surface inclined at 36° to a higher place the horizontal. (b) If the angle of the incline is reduced, do yous expect the normal force to increase, subtract, or stay the same? Explicate.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.50P
IP A gardener mows a lawn with an quondam-fashioned push mower. The handle of the mower makes an angle of 35° with the surface of the lawn. (a) If a 219-N strength is practical along the handle of the 19-kg mower, what is the normal force exerted past the lawn on the mower? (b) If the angle between the surface of the backyard and the handle of the mower is increased, does the normal forcefulness exerted by the backyard increment, decrease, or stay the same? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.51P

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.52GP
·CE Predict/Explicate Riding in an lift moving upwardly with abiding speed, y'all begin a game of darts. (a) Do you have to aim your darts college than, lower than, or the same as when yous play darts on solid ground? (b) Choose the best caption from among the following:
I. The elevator rises during the time it takes for the dart to travel to the darfboard.
II. The lift moves with constant velocity. Therefore, Newton's laws employ within the elevator in the aforementioned way as on the footing.
III. You take to aim lower to recoup for the upward speed of the lift.
Solution:
(a) You take to aim your darts same every bit when y'all play darts on solid ground.
(b) This is because the elevator is moving with constant velocity. Therefore 's laws apply within the elevator in the same way as on globe.
Therefore option Ii is best explanation.

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.53GP
CE Predict/Explain Riding in an lift moving with a constant upward acceleration, you brainstorm a game of darts. (a) Do you have to aim your darts college than, lower than, or the same as when you play darts on solid ground? (b) Choose the best explanation from among the following:
I. The elevator accelerates up, giving its passengers a greater "constructive" acceleration of gravity.
II. You have to aim lower to compensate for the up acceleration of the lift.
III. Since the elevator moves with a constant dispatch, Newton's laws apply inside the lift the same every bit on the ground.
Solution:
In the game of darts a actor have to aim and throw the dart on the lath to hit the bulls- eye.
(a)
When elevator is going up with constant acceleration the lath hanged on wall of the lift volition also motion upward with same acceleration. When a person will throw a dart it will immediately start accelerating downward on the other hand board will keep accelerating upward. Therefore sprint will not hit the aimed position. It will hit lower than the aimed position.
Hence in the accelerating elevator a person has to aim his darts higher than the normal.
(b)
When the elevator is accelerating up so due to force exerted past the floor of the elevator constructive acceleration of the passenger increases. Therefore beginning explanation is right.
As discussed in previous section passenger has aim higher to compensate for the upward acceleration. Therefor second explanation is wrong.
Newton's police can be applied directly only for inertial reference frame (stationary reference point or moving with constant reference point). Since elevator is moving with constant dispatch therefore newton's law practical within the lift is not same every bit on the basis. Therefore 3rd caption is wrong
Hence option I is the best caption.

Chapter v Newton'southward Laws Of Move Q.54GP
CE Requite the management of the cyberspace forcefulness acting on each of the following objects. If the cyberspace forcefulness is zero, land "zero." (a) A car accelerating northward from a stoplight. (b) A machine traveling southward and slowing down. (c) A car traveling westward with constant speed. (d) A skydiver parachuting down with constant speed. (e) A baseball during its flight from pitcher to catcher (ignoring air resistance).
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.55GP
·CE Predict/Explain You bound out of an airplane and open your parachute after an extended period of costless fall. (a) To decelerate your fall, must the force exerted on yous by the parachute be greater than, less than, or equal to your weight? (b) Cull the best explanation from among the post-obit:
I. Parachutes tin can only exert forces that are less than the weight of the skydiver.
II. The parachute exerts a force exactly equal to the skydiver'south weight.
III. To decelerate after gratis fall, the internet force acting on a skydiver must exist upwardly.
Solution:
(a) To decelerate your fall the force exerted by the parachute must be greater than your weight.
(b) To decelerate after free fall, the net force acting on a sky diver must be upward. This can exist achieved merely when the strength exerted by the parachute is greater than your weight
Then option III is the best explanation.

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Move Q.56GP
In a lawn tennis serve, a 0.070-kg ball can exist accelerated from residue to 36 m/s over a altitude of 0.75 thousand. Notice the magnitude of the boilerplate force exerted hy the racket on the ball during the serve.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Move Q.57GP
A 51.v-kg swimmer with an initial speed of one.25 m/s decides to declension until she comes to rest. If she slows with constant dispatch and stops subsequently coasting two.20 m, what was the force exerted on her past the h2o?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.58GP

Solution:
The three identical pucks are acted upon past a force of 3N.
F = ma
Since the mass and the force of the 3 pucks are the same, and so the acceleration produced past this forcefulness must likewise be the same. The acceleration produced past a force does not depend on the speed of the object, and so the acceleration of A, B, and C are all equal.

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.59GP
IP The VASIMR Rocket NASA plans to use a new blazon of rocket, a Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR), on future missions. A VASIMR tin produce 1200 N of thrust (forcefulness) when in operation. If a VASIMR has a mass of ii.2 × 105 kg, (a) what dispatch will it experience? Assume that the only force interim on the rocket is its own thrust, and that the mass of the rocket is constant. (b) Over what distance must the rocket accelerate from residual to reach a speed of 9500 g/s? (c) When the rocket has covered one-quarter the acceleration distance institute in function (b), is its average speed 1/two, 1/3, or one/4 its average speed during the terminal three-quarters of the dispatch altitude? Explain.
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton's Laws Of Motility Q.60GP

Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.61GP
At the local grocery store, you push a 14.5-kg shopping cart. You stop for a moment to add a purse of canis familiaris food to your cart. With a force of 12.0 N, you now accelerate the cart from remainder through a distance of two.29 chiliad in 3.00 s. What was the mass of the domestic dog food?
Solution:

Chapter v Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.62GP
· IP BIO The Forcefulness of Running Biomechanical research has shown that when a 67-kg person is running, the force exerted oh each foot every bit information technology strikes the ground tin can be every bit great equally 2300 N. (a) What is the ratio of the forcefulness exerted on the pes by the ground to the person's body weight? (b) If the but forces acting on the person are (i) the force exerted by the ground and (ii) the person'south weight, what are the magnitude and direction of the person's acceleration? (c) If the acceleration found in role (b) acts for 10.0 ms, what is the resulting alter in the vertical component of the person'southward velocity?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.63GP
IP BIO Grasshopper Liftoff To become airborne, a two.0-g grasshopper requires a takeoff speed of 2.7 one thousand/south. Information technology acquires this speed by extending its hind legs through a distance of 3.vii cm. (a) What is the boilerplate acceleration of the grasshopper during takeoff? (b) Find the magnitude of the boilerplate net force exerted
on the grasshopper by its hind legs during takeoff. (c) If the mass of the grasshopper increases, does the takeoff dispatch increase, decrease, or stay the same? (d) If the mass of the grasshopper increases, does the required takeoff force increment, decrease, or stay the same? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.64GP

Solution:

Affiliate v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.65GP
IP An archer shoots a 0.024-kg arrow at a target with a speed of 54 grand/due south. When it hits the target, information technology penetrates to a depth of 0.083 m. (a) What was the average force exerted past the target on the pointer? (b) If the mass of the arrow is doubled, and the forcefulness exerted by the target on the pointer remains the same, by what multiplicative cistron does the penetration depth change? Explain.
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.66GP
An apple of mass thou = 0.xiii kg falls out of a tree from a peak h = three.2 grand. (a) What is the magnitude of the force of gravity, mg, interim on the apple? (b) What is the apple tree's speed, v, only before it lands? (c) Show that the force of gravity times the peak, mgh, is equal to . (We shall investigate the significance of this result in Chapter 8.) Exist sure to testify that the dimensions are in agreement also as the nu-merical values.
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.67GP
An apple of mass m = 0.22 kg falls from a tree and hits the basis with a speed of v = xiv grand/s. (a) What is the magnitude of the forcefulness of gravity, mg, acting on the apple tree? (b) What is the time, t, required for the apple tree to reach the ground? (c) Show that the force of gravity times the time, mgt, is equal to mv. (We shall investigate the significance of this effect in Chapter 9.) Be sure to testify that the dimensions are in agreement every bit well every bit the numerical values.
Solution:

Chapter five Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.68GP
BIO The Fall of T. rex Paleontologists estimate that if a Tyrnnnosaunis rex were to trip and fall, information technology would have experienced a forcefulness of approximately 260,000 N interim on its torso when it hit the ground. Assuming the body has a mass of 3800 kg, (a) find the magnitude of the torso's upward dispatch equally it comes to rest. (For comparison, humans lose consciousness with an acceleration of about 7g.) (b) Assuming the torso is in complimentary fall for a altitude of ane.46 m equally it falls to the ground, how much time is required for the body to come to remainder once it contacts the ground?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.69GP
Deep Infinite I The NASA spacecraft Deep Space I was shut down on December 18, 2001, following a three-year journey to the asteroid Braille and the comet Borrelly. This spacecraft used a solar-powered ion engine to produce 0.064 ounces of thrust (force) past stripping electrons from neon atoms and accelerating the resulting ions to seventy,000 mi/h. The thrust was just as much as the weight of a couple sheets of paper, simply the engine operated continuously for xvi,000 hours. As a consequence, the speed of the spacecraft increased by 7900 mi/h. What was the mass of Deep Infinite I? (Assume that the mass of the neon gas is negligible.)
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Move Q.70GP
Your groceries are in a bag with paper handles. The handles will tear off if a force greater than 51.5 Northward is practical to them. What is the greatest mass of groceries that can exist lifted safely with this bag, given that the purse is raised (a) with constant speed, or (b) with an acceleration of 1.25 m/s2?
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.71GP
IP While waiting at the drome for your flight to leave, you observe some of the jets as they take off. With your lookout man you find that it takes about 35 seconds for a airplane to get from residue to takeoff speed. In addition, you estimate that the distance re-quired is most 1.5 km. (a) If the mass of a jet is i.70 × 105 kg, what strength is needed for takeoff? (b) Describe the strategy you used to solve part (a).
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.72GP

Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Move Q.73GP
Your groceries are in a bag with paper handles. The handles will tear off if a force greater than 51.5 Northward is applied to them. What is the greatest mass of groceries that can be lifted safely with this purse, given that the purse is raised (a) with constant speed, or (b) with an acceleration of i.25 k/s2?
Solution:
The Newton's 2nd constabulary of move defined the acceleration of an object produced past a cyberspace strength is directly proportional to the magnitude of net force and inversely proportional to the mass of object.
The force acting on mass m moves with acceleration a is given as follows:
F=ma
Here, m is the mass and a is the dispatch.

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Move Q.74GP
IP Responding to an alarm, a 102-kg fireman slides down a pole to the basis floor, 3.3 yard below. The fireman starts at rest and lands with a speed of 4.ii m/south. (a) Detect the average force exerted on the fireman by the pole. (b) If the landing speed is half that in part (a), is the average force exerted on the fireman by the pole doubled? Explain. (c) Find the average strength exerted on the firewoman by the pole when the landing speed is 2.1 m/s.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Movement Q.75GP
For a birthday gift, you and some friends take a hot-air balloon ride. One friend is belatedly, then the balloon floats a couple of feet off the basis as you await. Earlier this person arrives, the combined weight of the handbasket and people is 1220 kg, and the balloon is neutrally buoyant. When the belatedly inflow climbs up into the basket, the balloon begins to accelerate downward at 0.56 thousand/s2. What was the mass of the last person to climb aboard?
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.76GP
D:\APLUS images\Mastering Physics Solutions Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion75gps1.png
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.77GP
When ii people push in the aforementioned direction on an object of mass grand they crusade an dispatch of magnitude a1. When the same people push in opposite directions, the acceleration of the object has a magnitude a2. Determine the magnitude of the force exerted by each of the two people in terms of thou, a1 and a2.
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'due south Laws Of Motion Q.78GP
· · · An air-track cart of mass m1 = 0.14 kg is moving with a speed v0 = i.three 1000/s to the right when it collides with a cart of mass m2 = 0.25 kg that is at rest. Each cart has a wad of putty on its bumper, and hence they stick together as a result of their collision. Suppose the boilerplate contact force between the carts is F = 1.v North during the collision. (a) What is the dispatch of cart i? Requite direction and magnitude. (b) What is the dispatch of cart 2? Requite direction and magnitude. (c) How long does it take for both carts to accept the same speed? (Once the carts have the same speed the standoff is over and the contact force vanishes.) (d) What is the final speed of the carts, vf? (e) Bear witness that m1v0 is equal to (m1 + m2)vf. (We shall investigate the significance of this result in Chapter ix.)
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.79PP

Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motility Q.80PP
A driver who does not wear a seatbelt continues to move forward with a speed of 18.0 m/s (due to inertia) until something solid like the steering wheel is encountered. The driver now comes to rest in a much shorter altitude—peradventure just a few centimeters. Find the magnitude of the internet force acting on a 65.0-kg driver who is decelerated from 18.0 m/s to residual in 5.00 cm.
A. 3240 N
B. 1.17 × 104 N
C. 2.11 × 105 Northward
D. iv.21 × 105 Northward
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Motility Q.81PP
Suppose the initial speed of the commuter is doubled to 36.0 m/s. If the driver nonetheless has a mass of 65.0 kg, and comes to rest in 1.00 m, what is the magnitude of the forcefulness exerted on the driver during this collision?
A. 648 N
B. 1170 N
C. two.11 × 104 North
D. 4.21 × 104 N
Solution:

Chapter five Newton's Laws Of Motility Q.82PP
If both the speed and stopping distance of a driver are doubled, by what factor does the strength exerted on the driver change?
A. 0.5
B. 1
C. ii
D. 4
Solution:

Affiliate 5 Newton'south Laws Of Movement Q.83IP
IP Referring to Example v-four Suppose that we would like the contact strength betwixt the boxes to have a magnitude of 5.00 N, and that the just matter in the system we are immune to change is the mass of box 2—the mass of box 1 is x.0 kg and the applied strength is 20.0 N. (a) Should the mass of box 2 be increased or decreased? Explain. (b) Find the mass of box two that results in a contact force of magnitude 5.00 N. (c) What is the acceleration of the boxes in this case?
Solution:

Affiliate five Newton'southward Laws Of Motion Q.84IP
Referring to Case five-iv Suppose the force of 20.0 N pushes on two boxes of unknown mass. Nosotros know, however, that the acceleration of the boxes is 1.xx m/s2 and the contact strength has a magnitude of iv.45 Due north. Find the mass of (a) box 1 and (b) box 2.
Solution:

Chapter 5 Newton'southward Laws Of Move Q.85IP
IP Referring to Figure v-9 Suppose the magnitude of is increased from 41 N to 55 N, and that everything else in the system remains the same. (a) Do you expect the direction of the satellite'south acceleration to be greater than, less than, or equal to 32°? Explain. Find (b) the direction and (c) the magnitude of the satellite's acceleration in this case.
Solution:

Chapter v Newton's Laws Of Motion Q.86IP
IP Referring to Figure 5-9 Suppose we would like the dispatch of the satellite to exist at an angle of 25°, and that the only quantity we can change in the arrangement is the magnitude of . (a) Should the magnitude of exist increased or decreased? Explain. (b) What is the magnitude of the satellite's acceleration in this case?
Solution:

hollispreselle.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.aplustopper.com/mastering-physics-solutions-chapter-5-newtons-laws-of-motion/

Share this post